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YOUTUBE: Fal Fishery Cooperative CIC
Photo showing the first population of Cornish Native Oyster Larvae (dots) and Shellfish Diet Algae Feed (organic)
Even a donation of just £10 (and by sharing your pledge with everyone you know so they might donate too) will help us reach our targets and show us, and many others, how much you care about our environment (planet), economy (pounds) and social community (people), then we can all play a part in restoring what was once a sustainable habitat and efficient industry.
We SUCCESSFULLY reached the 1st Spring Target (above) with a matter of days to spare, thank you, the target secured the first summers hatchery program. The 2nd Summer Target was to secure the aquaculture site for a year ahead (as the country was in lockdown 1 we took the offer of a Bounce Back Loan), the 3rd Autumn Target is required to secure wild stocks in a year where markets have collapsed, we will also store the hatchery stock once it has settled and grown to a size that can be placed in to the wild nursery, the 4th huge Winter Target is to purchase a grader, and year 2 rent, so scientific research data can be collected and used as evidence to encourage better fishery regulations, therefore prevent the overfishing of juveniles you have helped us to create.
The Native Oyster Restoration Alliance (NORA) and the Berlin Oyster Recommendation: “bringing back a key ecosystem engineer by developing and supporting best practice in Europe” Bernadette Pogoda et al
"Recommendations: Produce sufficient oysters for restoration of oyster reefs
Background: Sufficient seed oyster supply is a key limiting factor for native oyster restoration projects in Europe. Translocation between sites of seed oysters or any other size classes from wild beds should be discouraged to avoid increasing the pressure on still existing wild beds and reduce the risk of spreading invasive species and disease.
Recommendation: Action should be undertaken to support existing hatcheries, spatting ponds and spat collector techniques and to establish new hatcheries and spatting ponds for the production of robust and genetically diverse Ostrea edulis seed. Brood stock sanctuaries should be established and used for local reinforcements."
ENVIRONMENT
Oysters play a vital role in filtering seawater and keeping marine habitats alive, just one oyster can filter over 200 litres almost 50 gallons every day, clean seawater also helps with photosynthesis, which in turn helps marine plant species!
Overfishing, pollution and disease has wiped out 85-95% of the worlds Native Oyster population in the past 2 decades alone.
It goes without saying that there is “No Planet B!” it has taken thousands and thousands of years for the Oyster to acclimatise and to be crowned as one of the longest serving edible seafoods. There is evidence primates have been using stone tools to eat shellfish for millennia.
Scientific research and screening can eliminate the spread of disease, sustainable local aquaculture can reduce the pressures of overfishing the juvenile wild stocks before they have had chance to reproduce and cooperative management can put a stop to pollution of our estuaries and seas.
Our plan is to save large disease resilient Cornish Native Oysters and put them through a controlled hatchery program, so we can study the growth patterns of larvae & spat (baby oysters), then they will go through natural seawater settling and holding tanks, as well as upwellers and silos, THIS WILL ENCOURAGE AN INCREASE IN THE SURVIVAL RATE OF WILD NATIVE OYSTERS...
Image above: Native Oyster Larvae Stages - Copyright: Rodriguez-Perez, A., Sanderson, W. G., Møller, L. F., Henry, T. B. & James, M. (2020). Return to sender: the influence of larval behaviour on the distribution and settlement of the European oyster Ostrea edulis. (Manuscript submitted for publication.)
By aiming to put more than a million spat (baby native oysters) back in to the Fal Estuary every year we will be "putting more on than are taken off for relaying and consumption".
…"SEAFISH current survival rate for larvae to 12 months old in the wild is 1/500,000 or 0.0002%"
Oyster 'pediveliger spat' on a Queen Scallop Shell - Copyright CJ Ranger
The project has very achievable expectations of a 1% survival rate, it is well understood in the USA that a 30%-60% survival rate can be achieved with hatchery born and nursery managed stocks. Also when mature oysters are stored at a density with many male & female oysters they will all help to trigger male oysters, when fertilized with billions of eggs created in the female shell they release millions of larvae in to their wild natural habitat, the Fal Estuary.
Native Oyster Tray Microreefs - Copyright Jersey Sea Farms Ltd.
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Historically, about 100 years ago, some 200 sail and oar vessels landed 800 tonnes from the same 1100 hectares that is now managed under the Fal Fishery Regulatory Order 2016. Stocks have recovered and maybe the offspring’s have become more resilient, but in the past few decades landings have peaked at about 100 tonnes between a few dozen or so vessels seen fishing on a daily basis.
Cornish Native Oyster Tray Growth, Depurated Fal Oysters - Copyright CJ Ranger
**AS PREDICTED - In 2019-20 season it is estimated that less than 20 tonnes will be harvested from the dozen or so sail and oar vessels, possibly due to the market no longer wanting to relay juveniles and possibly because some vessels are targeting other species. - THE TOTAL RECORDED LANDINGS WAS 19,226 KG AND TOTAL EXCLUDING OYSTERS PLACED ON LAYS = 16,491 KG!!
Lower Chart shows 'Actual Fishery Landings' blue columns 1-5 and 'Trending Estimated Landings' blue columns 6-7... so given the trends the 2020-21 season could be last for the sailing fleet and at what point will the biomass tipping point never recover?... The long term problem with fishing out all the 2-3yr old juveniles, is they barely reach maturity (where the take one leave but more than one theory should exist) in their own natural habitat, so its an ever decreasing biomass. (“It’s been shown that systematic predation causes prey of smaller size” says Nathaniel Dominy of Dartmouth College in Hanover, New Hampshire)
Truro River Oyster Boat 'Alf Smythers' - Artwork Copyright CJ Ranger
Heritage on the River Fal Fishery is believed to go back to the Phoenicians and Roman times and has been documented for more than 400 years – Sir Richard Carew wrote in 1602 of fishermen casting a “thick strong net fastened to three spills of iron and drawn to the boats stern, gathering whatsoever it meeteth lying in the bottom of the water, out of which when it taken up, they cull the oyster”. We need to provide for the future generations, not leave them with very few options to survive on...
… pledges/donations or corporate sponsorship and becoming a Patron* will help us build the project quicker, so we can hopefully influence regulators and policy makers to listen to the future scientific evidence, that will reverse the decline in stocks, provide not just a sustainable food resource, but more importantly a healthier habitat and living wage for the future generations of children and grandchildren that will ultimately inherit our only planet.
The Director holding Cornish Native Oysters 2010 - Copyright Mike Thomas
In the future we plan to fund scientific research of best practices in sustainable aquaculture, help responsibly manage hatchery, nursery & fishery stocks and support markets for a new generation of skippers & crew.
Then, when we know oysters have left more than we gather, a maximum sustainable yield of 70-115g Cornish Native Oysters will be gathered and only when depurated by verified Aquaculture Production Businesses, do they become prestigious PDO Fal Oysters with real provenance.
The Director holding Cornish Native 'Fal Oysters' 2016 - Copyright Getty Images
The Fal Fishery Cooperative CIC is a ‘not for profit’ organisation, but like all other charities and community interest companies it has to cover overhead costs of administration, rent, research, staff and stock with or without grants/funding, it also has to build itself towards being a fair employer and sustainable habitat manager for the years, decades and centuries to come.
Our Director has recently co-authored two papers: European Native Oyster Restoration Policy (for peer review) and European Native Oyster Restoration Handbook (in prep)
A 2yr old can produce 500,000 larvae and only 1 might survive 12 months, a 4yr old can produce 1,000,000 larvae and 2 might survive, but after 4 years 1+1+2=4 might be left after harvesting compared to maybe none left after harvesting a 2yr old!!
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